Engine cylinder



W. HEFTl Nov. 4, 1930.

ENGINE CYLINDER Filed Sept. 4, 19 29 INVEIJTEJ AM/MN BY Patented Nov. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES P NT] OFFICE I.

WILHELM HEFTI, or WULFLINGEN, SWITZERLAND, ns'sre von TO THE F RM sULzEit H FRERES SOCIETE ANONYME, or wmrnarnun, SWITZERLAND ENGINE CYLINDER Application filed September 4, 1929, Serial No.

This invention relates to engine cylinders and in particular to cylinders of internal combustion engines and has for its object to provide a construction in which the cylinder cover is securely held in place without the formation either in the cylinder or its cover of holes to receive bolts and without the use of the heavy screw oints which are usually employed.

According to this invention the cylinder cover is introduced from within the cylin der and bears against a flange or other suit able projection on the upper end of the cylinder against which it is securely held by a fixing or clamping device interposed between the flange and a stop on the cover. When the cylinder is provided with a separate or removable liner the flange against which the lower end of the cover bears may be formed on the upper end of the liner.

The fixing or clamping device conveniently comprises an annular member which is moved in an axial direction to press the liner against the upper end of the cylinder and to hold the cover securely in positionthis an-i nular member being conveniently housed in an annular recess formed in the upper end of the cylinder. Between the stop on the cylinder cover and the fixing device a further ring is preferably provided and this may be split or otherwise rendered elastic to engage a groove in the cylinder cover.

One construction according to this invention is shown, somewhat diagrammatically, in the accompanying drawing in vertical section as applied to the upper end of a doubleacting internal combustion engine.

In the drawing various details which form no part of the invention are omitted, for example the pipes for the cooling medium, the screw joints connecting the various parts of the cylinder jacket and plugs in the cylinder cover carrying the valves and so on.

The main portion of the cylinder 1 has a separate liner 2 and the upper end of the 390,278, and in Switzerland December 4, 1928.

working chamber 3 of the engine cylinder is piston 5 reciprocates. The flanged lower end 6 of the cover bears against an inwardly projecting flange or shoulder 7 of the liner.

The fixing or clamping device is housed in an annular recess 13 in the upper end of the cylinder and comprises an annular memher 9 provided with screw-threaded studs 10 by means of which it can be moved in an axial direction, and locked by means of nuts 11. Immediately below a stop shoulder 15 in the upper end of the cover a groove 16 is formed into which is sprung a ring 8,rendered expansible by means of-a cut 12, and the fixing ring 9 by hearing againstthe ring 8 draws the shoulder 6 on theilowerend of the cover against the flange 7 and thus securely holds both the cover and the liner in position. i f

In assembling the parts, the cover is introduced from within the cylinder after the locking ring has been placed in its recess 13. In order that the cover may bereadily introduced, in assembling ,the'engine, the cover is pushed upinto the liner 2 while separate from the engine, and the piston 5 isinsertcd in the liner below the cover; then the liner carrying the cover and piston is insertedas a whole into the grooves made in the jacket for the part 7. The ring 8 is thelr sprung into its groove, whereupon the studs 10 which are distributed at suitable intervals around the ring 9are uniformly tightened, the locking ring being thus raised from its seating 13 until it bears against the ring 8. Further tightening of the studs 10 firmiy presses the liner a ainst the overhanging flange on the cylinder wall. v I To dismantle the cover, the pressure exerted by the studs 10 on the ring 9 is released until the ring 9 rests uponits seating 13. The second ring 8 can then be removed from the cover t which is retained in position by a crane or some other suitable means (not shown in the drawing) by which the covercan then be lowered into the cylinder. In place of the second ring 8 a number of segmental or other separate members may of course be used to take up the force exerted by the fixing ring 9, and this too may be replaced by a series of separate members if desired. Finally, in the case of small cylinder covers, the ring 8 may be omitted and a single ring such as 9 or a series of separate members each furnished with a screw stud may be employed directly engaging a stop on the cylinder cover.

With a construction according to this invention the cover is securely held in place without its strength being reduced by the use of heavy bolts as no holes need be formed to receive these either in the cylinder or in its liner.

I claim:

1. A working cylinder for internal combustion engines, comprising in combination a removable cylinder cover, introduced from inside the cylinder, a suitable projection formed in a separate liner, and an annular and adjustable member arranged in a recess of the cylinder wall, the adjustment of which annular member in axial direction will-force the liner against the wall of the cylinder, thereby firmly securing the cover in its position.

2. A working cylinder for internal combustion engines, comprising in combination a removable cylinder cover, introduced from inside the cylinder, a suitable projection formed in the head of the cylinder, an annular and adjustable member arranged in a recess of the Wall of the cylinder, a second annular member provided between said cylinder cover and said clamping means, the adjustment of which annular members will firmly secure the said cover in its position.

3. A working cylinder for internal combustion engines, comprising in combination a removable cylinder cover, introduced from inside the cylinder, a suitable projection formed in the head of the cylinder, an annular and adjustable member, a second annular and elastic member arranged in a groove of said cylinder cover and means for firmly securing the said cover in its position.

4. A working cylinder for internal combustion engines, comprising in combination a removable cylinder cover, introduced from inside the cylinder, a suitable projection formed in the head of the cylinder, an annular member carrying studs and bearing against another annular member provided in a groove sunk into the outer peripheral surface of the said cylinder cover and means for firmly securing the said cover in its position.

5. A working cylinder for internal combustion engines, comprising in combination a removable cylinder cover,i-ntroduced from signature.

WILHELM HEFTI. 

